New papers: 2247|Updated: Apr 12, 2026|Next update: Apr 19, 2026

Physics

Showing all 42 journals
ACS NanoApr 07, 2026
Compositing insulated inorganic nanoparticles in bulk polymers is widely applied to improve electrical insulation and mechanical properties. However, the use of inorganic nanoparticles always faces a trade-off in the coenhancement of both properties, limiting the performance from reaching an ideal state. This study reveals that "molecularization" of inorganic ionic compounds into a polymer network can overcome the trade-off between electrical insulation and mechanical robustness due to the molecular-size effect of inorganics. By using epoxy and calcium phosphate oligomers as examples, chemically functionalized calcium phosphate molecular segments are successfully copolymerized into epoxy to create a hybrid resin. The calcium phosphate molecular segments show increased bandgap and high interfacial fraction in epoxy, directing to a high alternating current (AC) breakdown strength (116.7 kV/mm). Meanwhile, the calcium phosphate molecular segments enhance the strength of the polymer network, increasing the flexural strength and bending toughness to 136.9 MPa and 8.85 MJ/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively. The overall electrical insulation and mechanical properties are superior to those of all reported and commercial bulk epoxy-based composites we have consulted. This work demonstrates that an inorganic ionic compound with a molecular-size effect is a promising unit for high-performance electrical insulation materials, supporting the development of advanced power equipment in the future.
ACS NanoApr 07, 2026
Intracellular ion homeostasis is essential for cellular function; tumor cells remodel ion networks to sustain malignant proliferation. Targeting ion homeostasis represents a promising anticancer strategy. Cuproptosis and ferroptosis, emerging programmed cell death modalities, exploit tumor-specific ionic vulnerabilities but are constrained by mechanisms including ATPase copper transporter (ATP7A)-mediated Cu<sup>2+</sup> efflux and the solute carrier family 7, member 11 (SLC7A11/xCT)-driven antioxidant axis. We developed an ion-mediated immunotherapeutic nanoplatform (CCZSM) that disrupts Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>2+</sup> metabolism while activating antitumor immunity. Zn<sup>2+</sup> enhances zinc transporter 1 (ZNT1) expression to increase Cu<sup>2+</sup> influx; concurrent ATP7A silencing inhibits Cu<sup>2+</sup> efflux, inducing cuproptosis. Mitochondrial Fe<sup>2+</sup> release combined with Co<sup>2+</sup>-induced free Fe<sup>2+</sup> generates an "Fe<sup>2+</sup> storm" that, alongside Cu<sup>2+</sup>-mediated disruption of cysteine (Cys) metabolism, compromises antioxidant defenses and triggers ferroptosis. This ionic dysregulation induces tumor cell death and promotes release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), activating immunogenic cell death (ICD) and the cGAS-STING pathway. Resultant dendritic cell (DC) maturation and T-cell activation link ion metabolic interference to systemic immune responses. This study establishes a multi-ion metabolic intervention strategy, advancing tumor immunotherapy paradigms.
ACS NanoApr 07, 2026
Infectious diseases caused by various pathogens pose a major threat throughout human history. While antibiotics have saved many lives from infections, the rise of antibiotic resistance has reduced their effectiveness. Before the advent of antibiotics, metals were used as antimicrobial agents. Metals and other inorganic materials exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity through mechanisms distinct from traditional antibiotics, and are capable of killing antibiotic-resistant strains. In this article, we review various inorganic antimicrobial materials and their mechanisms of action, and discuss potential strategies to combat antibiotic resistance.
ACS NanoApr 07, 2026
ACS NanoApr 07, 2026
The past decade has seen rapid growth in the number of experimentally realized two-dimensional (2D) materials with diverse chemical and physical properties. However, information on their crystal structure, synthesis routes, and measured or predicted properties remains scattered across thousands of publications. Here, we consolidate this fragmented knowledge by establishing X2DB─an open infrastructure that integrates experimental and computational data on 2D materials. Using extensive literature mining and direct community uploads, we identify 370 unique 2D materials that have been realized in monolayer or few-layer form and link them to their digital counterparts in computational databases, enabling consistent ab initio characterization of their properties across monolayer, bilayer, and bulk forms. We describe the structure and content of the database, highlight its support for community uploads, illustrate how it can be used to generate scientific insight, and introduce a hierarchical classification of the known set of 2D materials. Our work supports the integration and cross-fertilization of experimental and theoretical knowledge and contributes to data-driven and predictive synthesis of 2D materials.
ACS NanoApr 07, 2026
ACS NanoApr 07, 2026
Profiling circulating extracellular vesicle-associated microRNAs (EVs-miRNA) is essential for improving lung cancer (LC) diagnosis and prognosis in clinical tests. However, the complexity of RNA extraction procedures and the lack of an LC-specific EVs-miRNA signature limit the clinical applicability of the current liquid biopsy tools. Herein, we develop a fusogenic liposome nanoreactor for the direct profiling of plasma EVs-miRNAs. This platform integrates reagent-encapsulating liposomes, isothermal rolling circle amplification, and CRISPR-Cas12a endonuclease cleavage in a one-pot manner, allowing for ultrasensitive measurements down to fM levels. A LC-specific EVs-miRNA signature was identified through a designed four-phase screening procedure, which was validated by using both public databases and clinical samples. In a proof-of-concept cross-sectional and longitudinal study involving a clinical cohort (<i>n</i> = 141), the profiled signature enabled early diagnosis, therapy monitoring, and prognosis evaluation with an accuracy of up to 93.1%. The platform streamlines the diagnostic workflow into a single fusogenic step, providing an RNA extraction-free and proof-of-concept liquid biopsy framework for potential LC management.
ACS NanoApr 07, 2026
Charge transport and thermoelectric (TE) properties of conjugated polymers are largely determined by their solid-state energetic disorders. Previous studies have focused on the energetic disorders or traps that result from dihedral angle rotations of the polymer backbone. However, this fails to explain the largely different charge transport properties in many conjugated polymers. Here, we investigate the charge transport and TE properties of two isomeric polymers with highly rigid backbones and low energetic disorders along the chain. Both polymers have similar ultralow charge transport activation energies (<35 meV), but exhibit vastly different charge transport properties. We found that P(PzDPP-Pz) with a linear backbone exhibited a high n-type TE power factor, over 2 orders of magnitude higher than its isomer P(PzDPP-Dz). By utilizing multiple characterizations and molecular simulations, we, for the first time, rule out the well-known dihedral-angle rotation disorders and unveil that the disorders and traps originate from the nanoscale polymer packing structures. Our work provides insight into the origins of the various types of disorders and traps across multilevel nanoscale structures in polymer semiconductors.
ACS NanoApr 07, 2026
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury exacerbates cardiac dysfunction and heart failure following clinical revascularization. The main mechanisms involve aberrant accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that induce mitochondrial dysfunction, trigger pyroptosis, and amplify immune-inflammatory responses. Herein, we developed exosome-mitochondrial hybrid membrane vessels to encapsulate carbon monoxide (EM@CO) for targeted delivery of CO to attenuate myocardial I/R injury. Due to the adhesive properties of exosomes and the homologous mitochondrial targeting capacity of the mitochondrial membrane (MM), EM@CO exhibits sequential targeting from infarcted myocardium to myocardial cell mitochondria. The released CO in mitochondria reduces abnormal mitochondrial ROS generation to maintain mitochondrial function, thereby decreasing mtDNA release and inhibiting pyroptosis <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Moreover, a single intravenous injection of EM@CO attenuates inflammatory amplification in cardiac tissue by promoting M1 to M2 macrophage polarization. It can effectively decrease the pro-inflammatory cytokine release and inhibit inflammation, thereby attenuating myocardial infarction and improving cardiac function. In summary, the findings of this study reveal the potential for restoring mitochondrial function through targeted gas therapy to eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibit cellular pyroptosis, which holds promise for ameliorating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Nano LettersApr 07, 2026
Electroreduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to multicarbon products offers a promising strategy to carbon neutrality, yet practical application is hindered by sluggish C-C coupling kinetics and competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). To overcome these challenges, we propose a controllable synthesis method for tailoring the CuSiO<sub>3</sub> tip curvature, which manipulates the local electric field to regulate the C-C coupling barrier and suppress HER, thereby enhancing product selectivity. In particular, the high tip curvature catalyst (HC-CuSiO<sub>3</sub>-1) exhibits a strong tip-enhanced electric field and stable hydrophobicity, achieving a Faradaic efficiency of 96.2% for C<sub>2</sub> products at -0.55 V. Via a variety of <i>in situ</i> techniques and theoretical calculation, the enhanced C<sub>2</sub> selectivity over HC-CuSiO<sub>3</sub>-1 is attributed to the promotion of CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption and activation to form the *CHO intermediate, which facilitates subsequent asymmetric *COCHO coupling. This work provides insight into C-C coupling pathways and guides the rational design of local electric field enhanced electrocatalysts for CO<sub>2</sub> reduction.
Nano LettersApr 07, 2026
Combining switchable bandgaps with Dirac-like mobility remains a grand challenge for high-performance electronics. Here we propose a "3D semi-Dirac semiconductor" (3D-SDS) paradigm, integrating an intrinsic bandgap with gate-tunable, low-dimensional Dirac transport. By simulating uniaxial compression of layered C<sub>60</sub> solids, we predict a stable <b>b</b>ody-<b>c</b>entered <b>o</b>rthorhombic distorted C<sub>60</sub> solid (bco-dC<sub>60</sub>) as a concrete realization, whose simulated XRD pattern aligns with unassigned experimental peaks from diamond-rich coatings. Its low-energy conduction bands form a broad and clean 3D semi-Dirac cone at the phase boundary between a trivial insulator and a topological nodal loop─well-captured by a two-band tight-binding model from a cluster-assembled hierarchical lattice. Furthermore, bco-dC<sub>60</sub> exhibits extreme electrical anisotropy with ∼95% axial polarization, enabling quasi-1D Dirac transport in the bulk. Generalizing these findings into a generalized <i>k·p</i> model and symmetry analysis, we establish the conceptual and material foundations for topological transistors, unveiling a cluster-assembly route to unite logic switching with ultrahigh-speed anisotropic transport.
Nano LettersApr 07, 2026
Magnonics promises low-dissipation information processing, yet spin-polarized magnon transport requires magnetic fields or spin-orbit couplings. Altermagnets exhibit spin-polarized electronic states and zero net magnetization. However, achieving large magnon spin splitting and robust magnonic spin currents remains challenging. Here we show that twisted van der Waals antiferromagnets provide a symmetry-tunable platform for the altermagnetic magnons. Alternating intralayer exchange arises in twisted bilayers lacking inversion and horizontal mirror symmetries, rendering nonrelativistic magnon spin splitting. Breaking out-of-plane rotational symmetries of a constituent monolayer significantly enhances low-energy splittings. We illustrate general conclusions in twisted CrPS<sub>4</sub> (<i>d</i>-wave) and CrI<sub>3</sub> (<i>i</i>-wave) bilayers. Moreover, pronounced field-free spin currents, characterized by robust spin Seebeck and spin Nernst effects, emerge in CrPS<sub>4</sub>. Remarkably, the spin transport is efficiently tuned by twist angle and exceeds that of conventional altermagnets by orders of magnitude. Our work provides novel insights into controlling magnons, deepening our fundamental understanding of altermagnetic spintronics.
Nano LettersApr 07, 2026
Colloidal semiconductor nanoplatelets (NPLs) exhibit exceptional optical properties due to their atomically defined thickness, yet the understanding of their formation pathways remains incomplete. Here, we uncover a sequential growth mechanism for CdSe NPLs by isolating previously hidden intermediates. Using phosphines to slow reaction kinetics, we capture direct evidence that magic-size clusters fuse into nanorods, which then give rise to nanoleaflet-like intermediates that expand laterally and ultimately evolve into fully developed nanoplatelets. We show that free phosphines regulate both dimensionality and monolayer thickness, with high concentrations arresting growth entirely. These findings provide the first identification of nanoleaflets (NLFs) as critical intermediates and establish a mechanistic framework that connects zero-, one-, and two-dimensional species during NPL formation. This work advances a deeper understanding of NPL growth and offers new strategies for rationally designing atomically precise 2D nanomaterials.
Nano LettersApr 07, 2026
Metallic copper nanocubes used in CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction (CO<sub>2</sub>ER) are known to exhibit moderate binding energies to intermediates and selectivity toward ethylene. However, the process by which they restructure, ultimately redistributing the active sites and causing deactivation, remains challenging to fully elucidate. Herein, we use electrochemical liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy to observe copper nanocube evolution during CO<sub>2</sub>ER in real time at nanometer resolution. Our statistical analysis reveals that dissolution/redeposition is the primary evolution mechanism. However, unlike other shapes, the thermodynamically active edges of copper cubes attract the redeposited aggregates that reattach to the cubes, moderating their surface-to-volume ratio. Additionally, the fragmentation mechanism was observed, which may occur due to highly defective sites. Our findings illustrate the synergistic effect of the thermodynamically high-energy sites and the role of the kinetic barrier in the dynamics of Cu nanocubes and their secondary aggregates, which affects their stability and as a consequence their selectivity over time.
Advanced Functional MaterialsApr 07, 2026
ABSTRACT Leaky metasurfaces offer a promising route to integrated wavefront control, yet their overall performance is constrained by the intrinsic limitations of constituent meta‐atoms. Here, we propose a leaky Fourier metasurface (LFM) based on sinusoidally modulated microstrip lines to circumvent the bandwidth and functionality limitations imposed by meta‐atom configurations. By replacing discrete meta‐atoms with deterministic, non‐resonant Fourier gratings, the LFM enables broadband, diffraction‐order‐multiplexed beam and focus steering. An analytical framework directly links the sinusoidal modulation parameters to the phase profile, eliminating the need for complex meta‐atom optimization. As proof of concept, we demonstrate both far‐field beam steering and near‐field focus steering across three distinct diffraction orders, with experimental results validating the design. This platform provides a scalable and versatile approach to multifunctional wavefront manipulation, with potential applications in communications, sensing, and radar systems.
Advanced Functional MaterialsApr 07, 2026
ABSTRACT Black phosphorus (BP), with high theoretical capacity and electrical conductivity, has emerged as a promising candidate for an advanced energy storage system. However, its huge volume expansion caused by the solubility of intermediate discharge products, i.e., Li x P, leads to significant capacity fading. Herein, a specially designed BP/Te@C anode with a 3D network structure is constructed via interfacial electron transfer between BP and Te, forming a typical electron donor‐acceptor system. Besides, Tellurium, with metalloid properties and high ductility, not only strengthens the interfacial interaction within BP but also significantly enhances the overall electrical conductivity. 3D tomography reconstruction and ToF‐SIMS confirm the structural integrity and stability of this unique architecture during long‐term cycling. Additionally, theoretical calculations reveal a special interfacial lithium diffusion and storage mechanism in BP/Te@C composites, which contributes to the grain size refinement and the improved utilization of BP and Te during cycling. BP/Te@C anodes deliver a capacity of 734.4 mAh g −1 at 3 A g −1 with well cycling performance, along with the low‐temperature adaptability (−20°C). LiFePO 4 ||BP/Te@C full cells achieve an outstanding power density of 4051.6 W kg −1 while maintaining a high‐capacity retention of 90.7%. This work builds an ingenious protocol for designing robust phosphorus‐based anodes with superior electrochemical performance.
Advanced Functional MaterialsApr 07, 2026
ABSTRACT Halide components phase segregation arising from the iodine‐related defects is the culprit for the deterioration of the photovoltaic performance and stability in wide‐bandgap (WBG) perovskite solar cells (PSCs). It is crucial to suppress the oxidation of I − to I 2 during the storage of formamidinium iodide (FAI) perovskite raw materials for preparing stable WBG perovskite films, which is always neglected. Here, a novel recrystallization strategy for FAI is proposed, and the D‐isoascorbic acid (IAA) aqueous solution, which possesses strong reducing ability, is utilized to synthesize I 2 ‐free FAI crystals. It is found that IAA can interact with FAI and suppress the generation of I 2 impurities, ensuring the high quality of FAI crystals during long‐term storage in a dry box. Accordingly, the perovskite films prepared by the 30‐day‐aged FAI crystals recrystallized from IAA solution display splendid crystallization quality and decreased halide components phase segregation effect, which is benefited from a significant decline in the iodine‐related defect density. Notably, the corresponding PSCs yield an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.03% with negligible hysteresis effect, and the unencapsulated devices maintain 88% of their initial PCE after 1400 h storage in air.
Advanced Functional MaterialsApr 07, 2026
ABSTRACT Aqueous zinc‐iodine batteries (AZIBs) have gained widespread attention in large‐scale energy storage and other fields owing to their high safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, AZIBs still face challenges such as iodine shuttling effect and zinc dendrite growth. Herein, a 2D conductive copper metal–organic framework (Cu‐MOF) with the unique Cu─O 4 coordination motif is used as a multifunctional regulator of both cathode and anode to synergistically enhance the comprehensive performances of high‐loading AZIBs. For the iodine cathode regulator, the full cell of AZIBs with 2D Cu‐MOF exhibits the improved capacity and rate performance. For the zinc anode regulator, the Zn//Zn symmetric cell and Zn//Cu half‐cell with 2D Cu‐MOF show the enhanced cycle stability and excellent coulombic efficiency, respectively. With the 2D Cu‐MOF as a multifunctional regulator for both cathode and anode, the resulting high‐loading AZIBs exhibit superior electrochemical performances and the assembled 3 × 3 cm 2 pouch cell also demonstrates long‐term cycling stability. The experimental and theoretical analyses reveal that the Cu─O 4 coordination center in 2D Cu‐MOF can provide strong anchoring effect toward iodine species and facilitate the uniform zinc deposition/stripping. This work provides a new approach to improve the comprehensive performance of AZIBs by utilizing 2D MOFs as multifunctional regulators.
Advanced Functional MaterialsApr 07, 2026
ABSTRACT Engineered nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) have emerged as promising and advanced solutions for severe peripheral nerve transection; however, their clinical values are often limited by the failure to integrate critical regenerative cues, such as topographical guidance, inflammatory modulation, and electrical stimulation in a synergistic manner. Herein, we present a hierarchically structured NGC, engineered by incorporating α ‐lipoic acid (ALA)‐functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNT@A) within a biodegradable poly (D, L‐lactide‐co‐caprolactone) (PLCL) matrix. This ‘all‐in‐one’ conduit features a unique lumen filled with aligned, dual‐sided micropatterned filaments, which provide superior contact guidance and electrical conductivity while establishing a sustained antioxidative niche. In vitro, the micropatterned surfaces promoted the directional migration of Schwann cells and enhanced the polarization of anti‐inflammatory macrophages. Transcriptomic profiling revealed the activation of the PI3K‐Akt and focal adhesion pathways. In vivo, this innovative conduit exhibited remarkable efficacy in promoting vascularized axonal regeneration, remyelination, and functional recovery in rat models with long sciatic nerve defects, highlighting its clinical potential for nerve repair and offering a scalable, multi‐functional platform for broader tissue engineering applications.
Advanced Functional MaterialsApr 07, 2026
ABSTRACT Photorechargeable power systems (PPSs) based on supercapacitors (SCs) provide a sustainable solution for alleviating the energy crisis. However, sluggish kinetics in SCs are insufficient to meet the requirements of rapid photogenerated charge storage; achieving efficient self‐charging remains a challenge. Here, PPSs integrating flexible solid‐state asymmetric SCs (FSASs) with N‐doped carbon‐stabilized CoSe/NiSe 2 heterojunction (N‐C@CoSe/NiSe 2 ) and flexible solar cells (FSs) are precisely designed to achieve efficient self‐charging capacity. Theoretical calculations reveal that the robust built‐in electric field (BIEF) at the heterointerface accelerates electron reconstruction and enhances the affinity of OH − , thereby endowing abundant electroactive sites and fast reaction kinetics. The stable interfacial chemical bond between the N‐C frame and the CoSe/NiSe 2 heterojunction significantly strengthens the BIEF while buffering volume expansion during electrochemical, improving the integral structural stability. The N‐C@CoSe/NiSe 2 ingeniously combines synergistic optimization of reaction kinetics and structural stability, achieving high capacitance (2124 F g −1 ) and excellent cycling stability. The assembled FSASs deliver excellent energy storage capacity (70.8 Wh Kg −1 ). More importantly, integrated PPSs achieve a highly efficient photogenerated charge storage capacity of 4.5 V min −1 and sustainability, powering wearable electronic devices and small unmanned aircraft. This work provides scientific insights and guidance for designing robust heterogeneous and advancing the exploitation of next‐generation sustainable power systems.
Advanced Functional MaterialsApr 07, 2026
ABSTRACT Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) provide inherent safety and processing advantages for solid‐state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs), but their application under high current densities remains limited by sluggish ion transport and significant polarization phenomenon. In this work, a thin BN‐reinforced sandwich‐structured solid polymer electrolyte (BSPE) with a thickness of 27 µm is designed to address these challenges. By combining the mechanically robust BN‐polyvinylidene fluoride (BN‐PVDF) supporting core layer with ion‐conductive poly(iBMA‐co‐PEGDA) outer layers, the BSPE achieves enhanced room temperature ionic conductivity and increased Li + transference number, accompanied by suppressed polarization. COMSOL simulations show that BSPE enables a more uniform Li + concentration distribution and a stabilized internal electric field distribution, effectively inhibiting the formation of lithium dendrites. Thus, symmetric Li||Li cell demonstrates stable Li plating/stripping for more than 5500 h. When used in Li||LiFePO 4 (Li||LFP) batteries, the BSPE delivers significantly improved cycling performance, and maintains long‐term cycling stability even at high C‐rates. In detail, the Li|BSPE|LFP battery sustains 81% capacity retention after 2000 cycles at 5 C. Overall, this study establishes that the rational design of electrolyte architecture plays a key role in regulating ion transport and interfacial behavior, which suggests a practical strategy for high‐rate SSLMBs.
Advanced Functional MaterialsApr 07, 2026
ABSTRACT The construction of ordered interfacial structures in organic–inorganic heterojunction photoanodes for high‐efficiency photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting remains challenging due to kinetic mismatches between molecular assembly and interfacial coordination. Herein, a transformative sonochemical strategy is reported to overcome this bottleneck by utilizing the piezoelectricity of nanomaterials. Operating under non‐equilibrium conditions, this approach couples ultrasound‐induced cavitation with the self‐assembly of gallic acid (GA), enabling ultrafast, localized modulation on piezoelectric photoanode. Using a GA/Bi 2 WO 6 (BWO) model, the piezoelectric response directs GA‐derived assemblies onto the surface, forming an ordered heterojunction. By precisely tuning the sound pressure level, competing pathways are balanced: the high‐energy‐barrier self‐assembly of GA in solution is suppressed, while the lower‐energy‐barrier coordination between deprotonated GA and surface Bi 3+ ions is promoted. This yields a homogeneous 2 nm amorphous GA layer on GA 0.05 /BWO heterojunction with exposure of electron‐withdrawing groups (‐COOH). This ordered GA/BWO heterojunction is facilitating photogenerated carrier separation and suppressing recombination by creating efficient hole transfer channels. The optimized GA 0.05 /BWO photoanode is achieving a photocurrent density of 196.9 µA·cm −2 at 1.23 V RHE (18.6 times of BWO), with separation and injection efficiencies reaching 49.0% and 50.9%, respectively. This work is introducing a paradigm shift, utilizing intrinsic properties as feedback for the rational design of functional materials.
Advanced Functional MaterialsApr 07, 2026
ABSTRACT Achieving efficient near‐infrared (NIR) emission in heavy‐metal‐free organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) remains challenging due to the energy gap law and aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ). Alternatively, chromophore aggregation offers a promising strategy to attain long‐wavelength NIR emission. Herein, we perform steric‐hindrance engineering on donor units to explore the complex interplay between molecular structure, aggregation behavior, and photophysical performance in organic donor (D)‐acceptor (A) systems. Among the designed four compounds, the moderately bulky and fluorene‐decorated F‐BTAP achieves optimal photophysical performance, striking a balance between pronounced aggregation‐induced redshift and mitigated concentration quenching. Consequently, F‐BTAP exhibits the strongest aggregation‐induced emission effect, the longest emission wavelength, and the highest photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 3.1% at 881 nm in nondoped films. Solution‐processed nondoped OLED based on F‐BTAP exhibits a maximum external quantum efficiency of 0.30% with an electroluminescence peak at 892 nm, representing one of the best results among NIR thermally activated delayed fluorescence OLEDs. Notably, the device demonstrates an operation lifetime LT 50 exceeding 700 h under high current density of 110 mA·cm −2 . This study provides new insights into the aggregation behavior of organic D‐A systems and paves the way for developing metal‐free NIR organic emitters with bright aggregated‐state emission toward practical applications.
Advanced Functional MaterialsApr 07, 2026
ABSTRACT This study investigates the incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) into a dynamic sorbitol‐based vitrimer matrix to develop a recyclable, innovative material for robotic applications that can be both actuated and self‐healed by the magnetothermal effects of the MNPs. This magnetic heating behavior under an external alternating magnetic field (AMF) is governed by Néel or Brownian relaxation processes of the integrated MNPs, predominantly influenced by particle size, shape, and the medium's viscosity. Hereby, the optimal particle size for high heating efficiency was determined through a size‐selective synthesis using an additive‐assisted hydrothermal method. Besides its function of enhancing the compatibility of the particles within the matrix due to decreased particle‐particle interactions, the sorbitol‐based additive also serves as a monomer for vitrimer synthesis. The vitrimer material is produced by combining the acetoacetylated monomer with Jeffamine T403 as the amine source. Notably, the nanocomposite exhibits rapid shape memory behavior when AMF is applied, with temperatures reaching up to 112°C, three times faster than simply heating it to room temperature. This approach offers promising pathways for advanced technical systems operated via internal temperature stimuli, thereby minimizing external intervention and maximizing operational reliability in variable thermal environments (e.g., at temperatures below the glass transition).
Advanced Functional MaterialsApr 07, 2026
ABSTRACT The rapid advancement of optoelectronic devices has intensified the demand for advanced liquid crystal (LC) materials with ultrafast electro‐optic responses and robust operational stability. Polymer‐stabilized blue‐phases (PSBPs) have emerged as one of the most promising candidates, but the practical application of PSBPs is severely restricted by their limited thermal stability and high saturation voltages, and optimizing PSBPs remains inefficient due to the high‐dimensional, multicomponent formulation space. Here, a high‐throughput piezoelectric drop‐on‐demand inkjet printing platform is developed to rapidly investigate the compositional landscape of PSBPs and to identify optimized formulations. By reconfiguring a multichannel CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, black) printing system with customized precursor inks, hundreds of distinct blue phase compositions are automatically fabricated and mapped on a single substrate. This platform successfully identified formulations with wide temperature ranges and customized clearing points, realizing the programmable fabrication of customized multi‐colored patterns with temperature‐dependent optical properties. Guided by high‐throughput screening, representative formulations with low saturation voltages and sub‐millisecond response are identified and integrated into microlens devices, enabling electrically controlled dynamic focal‐length modulation for ultrafast and adaptive photonic applications. This work establishes inkjet printing as a scalable high‐throughput route for compositional screening and programmable fabrication of advanced LC systems for next‐generation electro‐optic devices.